Frequently Asked Questions

A HEX Time Token (HTT) is a PRC-20 token on PulseChain that represents a fully collateralized, 1:1 claim on one HEX at a specific future maturity date — HTT-3000, for example, redeems 1:1 for HEX on HEX day 3000.  HTTs are minted by delegating a HEX Stake Instance (HSI) to the Actuator protocol, and all HTTs sharing the same maturity date are fungible.  Until maturity an HTT usually trades at a discount, which is the source of its fixed, HEX-denominated yield.

Actuator.Finance is a protocol on PulseChain that turns the locked future value of a HEX stake into tradable HEX Time Tokens (HTTs) — liquidity today without ending the stake early.  Stakers delegate an HSI, mint HTTs against the stake’s extractable value, and trade, farm, or hold them; at maturity each HTT redeems 1:1 for HEX.  The contracts are immutable and non-custodial — websites are only doorways to them.

This is the community’s most-asked comparison, and both answers are rational. Buying a discounted HTT locks in a known HEX quantity at maturity for less HEX today — but it earns no T-Share yield and carries market risk until redeemed. Creating a stake earns daily HEX payouts, which a discounted HTT never does. The honest comparison is the discount against the yield the equivalent stake would earn over the same days.

Yes. The minter chooses the redemption day, and there are three choices. A day before the stake’s end day is offered only well past halfway; anyone may end the stake early on that day, and the early-end penalty lands on the staker unless every HTT is retired first. The stake’s own end day carries no early-end exposure. A later day lowers the mintable amount by the late penalty HEX would charge if the stake were ended 14 days after the redemption day (1/700 of the stake’s value for each day between the two); the staker may still end the stake from its own end day, anyone may end it from the redemption day, and a stake left running more than 14 days past its own end day pays HEX’s late penalty. The Manual’s minting chapter walks all three.

It depends on your goals. Actuator is better if you need liquidity — you can trade or sell HTTs without ending your stake. Traditional staking is better if you want maximum simplicity and minimal smart contract risk.

Traditional HEX staking has one layer of smart contract risk (the HEX contract). Actuator adds layers: your HSI (a self-contained stake-wrapper contract, created by the procedure Hedron developed), the Actuator contracts (delegation and minting), and PulseX (if you trade or farm HTTs). Note that the Hedron token contract itself is not an ongoing dependency — it has no control over existing HSIs. Each additional contract adds attack surface. The Actuator contracts were audited by Dedaub and SourceHat (HEX and Hedron out of scope); a delegated HSI is held by the manager contract.

Your HEX never leaves the HEX contract — it stays locked in your stake. Delegating hands the HSI to Actuator’s manager contract, which holds it until every HTT minted against it is retired and the delegation is revoked. However, if you mint HTTs and sell them, you are effectively selling future HEX. Buying back to retire costs more if HTT prices rise. While HTTs are outstanding the stake cannot be ended early or revoked; from the redemption day anyone may end it, and holders are paid first.

Neither contract sets a minimum; each step costs PLS gas.

Tax treatment depends on jurisdiction; which approach is more tax-efficient differs from place to place. Traditional staking may generate taxable income when HEX rewards are claimed. HTT trading may generate capital gains or losses. Minting HTTs may be treated as a loan or as a disposition, depending on local tax law. This page is not tax advice.

HTTs are smart-contract-issued tokens on PulseChain that represent claims on locked HEX. Traditional bonds are debt instruments issued by governments or corporations. Both have fixed maturity dates and trade at a discount (yield), but HTTs are non-custodial, trade 24/7 on PulseX, require no broker, and have no minimum investment. The trade-off: HTTs carry smart contract risk and no regulatory protections.

Direct HEX staking is simpler — you lock HEX and earn daily yield. Actuator adds steps (start a delegated stake or delegate an HSI, then mint) but unlocks liquidity: you can trade or sell HTTs without ending your stake early, when the redemption day is on or after the stake’s end day. HTT/HEX LP tokens can also earn ACTR in the farms until 2027-10-09. The cost is added complexity and smart contract risk from the HEX, HSI and Actuator contracts, plus PulseX when trading.

No. HTTs are backed by locked HEX, not stablecoins. Their value is denominated in HEX, not dollars. This means HTT value fluctuates with the HEX price. They are more like zero-coupon bonds than stablecoins — they have a fixed maturity date and redeem for a specific amount of HEX, not a dollar-pegged value.

HTTs are unique because they are backed by actual locked HEX stakes — not lending, not leverage, not algorithmic mechanisms. The yield comes from the time value of money (discount to redemption value), not from borrower interest. The payout is fixed in HEX, not in dollars: the discount sets the return in HEX, while the dollar value moves with the HEX price.

It depends on the stake. If it is already a HEX Stake Instance (HSI), delegate it to Actuator and mint HTTs against it. Delegating hands the HSI to Actuator’s manager contract until every HTT minted against it is retired and delegation is revoked, which mints a new HSI NFT. A plain native stake can’t be converted into an HSI; for native-staked HEX, the practical path is to start your next stake through Actuator, which creates it as an HSI from the start.

"Crypto bonds" is the community name for on-chain instruments that behave like bonds without being debt: no issuer, no promise to pay, no legal recourse. On PulseChain, HEX Time Tokens (HTTs) are the primary example — fully collateralized claims with a fixed maturity date that trade at a discount to face value (the discount works like yield-to-maturity) and redeem 1:1 for HEX at maturity. Non-custodial and tradable anytime.

HTTs are minted from HEX Stake Instances (HSIs) via Actuator.Finance. Each HTT represents a 1:1 claim on HEX at a specific maturity date. You buy HTTs at a discount on PulseX, then redeem them for full HEX value at maturity. The discount is your yield.

Safe in what unit? The 1:1 claim is in HEX, not dollars — the collateral and the payout are the same volatile asset, so a flawless redemption can still lose dollar value. Within HEX terms, HTTs are fully collateralized by real stakes and the contract enforces 1:1 redemption — a protection only as strong as the (audited) code. Risks include smart contract bugs, HEX stake penalties, and market volatility. Always use a hardware wallet and follow security best practices.

By the market on PulseX, at each maturity separately. Far-dated HTTs trade at bigger total discounts, but the bigger discount does not automatically mean a higher annualized yield — spread over more years it can be a lower one. The shape moves: as of 2026-10-02 the highest annualized YTM sits at HTT-3000, 504 days out at 25.7%, while the nearest maturity pays 7.76%. Thin pools, not an issuer, set these prices — see the live curve on the Due Diligence page.

Yes. HTTs can be sold anytime on PulseX at the current market price — genuine 24/7 tradability with no broker. The honest caveat: HTT pools are far smaller than bond markets, so large trades move the price. Continuous access, not deep markets.

Structurally, it behaves like one: you buy an HTT below its face value and it redeems 1:1 for HEX on a fixed future date, so the discount you capture works like yield-to-maturity. The difference from a real bond is there is no issuer promise, credit rating, or bond insurance — the backing is an on-chain HEX stake you can verify yourself. Our traditional-bonds comparison covers the full fixed-income breakdown.

Par value is the amount an HTT redeems for at maturity (1 HTT = 1 HEX). Maturity is the redemption day encoded in the token series — for example, HTT-3000 matures on HEX day 3000. Yield-to-maturity is the annualized return implied by buying below par and holding to redemption — the deeper the discount, the higher the total return, but YTM also depends on how long you wait for it.

"Crypto bond" is the community name for an on-chain instrument that behaves like a bond without being debt: no issuer, no promise to pay, no legal recourse. HEX Time Tokens (HTTs) are the prime example: fully collateralized claims on HEX already locked in a smart contract, redeemable 1:1 once the backing stakes are ended (guaranteed when they are ended within 14 days of the redemption day), maturing on a fixed date and trading at a discount that functions as yield — all without a central issuer, broker, or custodian.

No. Traditional bonds are issued under securities law and offer regulatory protections (disclosure requirements, investor protections, etc.). Crypto bonds like HTTs are permissionless smart contracts with no central issuer to regulate. This means no KYC barriers and no accreditation requirements — but also no regulatory safety net. You are responsible for verifying everything yourself.

Traditional bond yields are about 4–5% for US Treasuries and about 6% for investment-grade corporates (FRED, September 2026). HTT yields are set by trading in PulseX pools, not by an issuer, and follow one rule: every HTT redeems for exactly 1 HEX on its day, so the discount you buy at is the whole return, in HEX. A far-dated HTT carries a bigger discount, but spread over more years it is usually a lower yield per year — on 2026-10-02 HTT-3000 priced at 25.7% annualized and HTT-7000 5.44%, an inverted curve. Any HTT yield rides smart-contract risk and HEX price risk, and is not comparable to a dollar yield.

Yes. If the smart contract is exploited, if the underlying asset (HEX) drops in value, or if you sell HTTs at a lower price than you bought them, you can lose money. Traditional bonds also carry loss risk (default, inflation, interest-rate changes) but are generally considered lower risk.

Crypto bonds are far more accessible. HTTs require only a PulseChain wallet holding PLS for gas and access to PulseX — no broker account, no KYC at the contract, and no minimum set by the contract, trading 24/7 wherever a series has a live pool. Traditional bonds require a brokerage account, identity verification, and often have high minimum investments. The trade-off is that crypto requires you to manage your own security (seed phrases, wallet safety).

Two per pool: the HTT of that pool’s maturity and HEX. You pair them on PulseX to receive LP tokens, then deposit those LP tokens into the matching Actuator farm — the farm pays ACTR every second. Farm LP can be withdrawn at any time with no penalty.

You keep them. The official farm pairs are PulseX v2 pairs, where the 0.22% liquidity-provider share of every swap accrues inside the pool’s reserves — it grows the value of your LP tokens wherever they sit, including inside the farm contract. The ACTR farming reward is paid on top. The tables on this page list the two yields separately: the farm APR and the fee APR are different columns because they are different income streams.

Farms reward providing liquidity: deposit HTT/HEX LP tokens, earn ACTR, withdraw any time. Vaults reward committing ACTR: deposit ACTR for a specific maturity, earn a share of that series’ 1% mint fees paid in HTTs, with a 90-day lockup and a linearly shrinking early-withdrawal burn. The glossary’s Farms vs Vaults entry holds the four-line contrast.

The farms enter their final emission year: yearly ACTR emissions step from 250M to 150M, HTT-3000’s farming rewards end, every continuing pool’s weight shifts down one HTT series, and HTT-8000 starts farming at the top 30% weight. Both changes were fixed in the farm contract at deployment — the October 9 Farm Switch page in this tab shows the full before/after table and what it means for staked LP.

eHEX is the original HEX on Ethereum, launched December 3, 2019 UTC (the evening of December 2 in US Eastern time). "pHEX" is the community's word for HEX on PulseChain — the same contract, running on PulseChain since the May 2023 fork. There is no separate pHEX token: PulseChain's HEX is simply HEX, and the original is the one that wears a prefix (eHEX). The code is identical — the difference is the chain. HEX on PulseChain benefits from much lower transaction fees, while eHEX operates on Ethereum with higher gas costs.

Only if you want to mint HTTs. Minting works with HEX Stake Instances (HSIs): create a new stake through Actuator — it is born as a delegated HSI — or delegate an HSI you already own. A plain native stake can’t be converted into an HSI. Buyers skip the stake entirely: discounted HTTs trade on PulseX, and ACTR can be bought and vaulted, no stake required for either.

Yes. HTTs are PRC-20 tokens that trade on PulseX. You can sell them at any time before maturity, provide them as liquidity in HTT/HEX pools to earn ACTR, or simply hold them until the maturity date to redeem 1:1 for HEX.

Your HEX never leaves the HEX contract. Actuator only controls the HSI (the NFT wrapper around your stake) temporarily. The underlying HEX stays locked exactly as it would in a normal stake. When the stake matures, you can redeem HTTs for HEX and reclaim your HSI.

PulseChain is a full fork of Ethereum, meaning its security model and contract execution are identical at the code level — and upgrades reach PulseChain only after they have proven themselves in production on Ethereum. The main differences are the validator set and lower fees. As with any blockchain, do your own research. The HEX contract itself has operated securely since December 2019.

You can stake HEX for any length from 1 day up to 5555 days (about 15.2 years). Longer commitments earn more T-Shares — and therefore more yield — per HEX through the Longer Pays Better bonus.

T-Shares (Trillion-Shares) are units the HEX contract awards you when you stake, based on both the amount of HEX and the length of the stake. Daily interest from the protocol is split across all stakers in proportion to their T-Shares. The contract T-Share price only ever goes up, so earlier stakers receive more T-Shares per HEX than later ones.

Yes, but with penalties. An Early End Stake forfeits earned interest and can cut into your principal. Only stake for a length you can realistically commit to.

A normal native stake is locked to one wallet and cannot be moved, sold, or converted — once started native, it stays native. A transferable stake must be started as a HEX Stake Instance (HSI): you stake liquid HEX through Hedron, and the stake is created already wrapped in an NFT that can be traded or delegated.

More T-Shares means more yield. Longer Pays Better rewards longer stake lengths (up to roughly 3x for the maximum 5555 days), and Bigger Pays Better adds a smaller bonus for larger amounts. Long, large stakes earn the most.

A HEX Time Token pays 1 HEX once the HEX day reaches its number, and that claim never expires. Until then it trades below 1 HEX, at a discount, and that discount is what this table measures.

The yearly rate, compounded, at which today's price grows into one HEX by maturity. It is fixed the day you buy, because the redemption is fixed, and it is in HEX terms, not dollars.

The Discount Rate is a dial above the table, 5% a year unless you change it. Benchmark is the discount a series should carry if it converged to 1:1 at that rate, compounded over the years left. Ahead of Schedule is the actual discount minus that benchmark, in points.

A rule of thumb for a trade that will not move the price: 2% of the pool's two-sided value. Bigger trades move thin pools, and every figure in the row moves with them.

How fast a series' price returns to its own channel after a move away from it, as a half-life in days: the time for half of any deviation to close. It needs 90 daily closes, and a dash means too little history.

Mean reversion (also called mean regression) trading is an approach built on the observation that a price — or a spread such as an HTT’s discount to HEX — tends to move back toward its historical average after reaching an unusual extreme. A trader using it treats readings that are far from "normal" as more likely to correct back toward the average than to keep going.

It is related, but not identical. "Buying the dip" is often an emotional reflex to any price drop. Mean reversion is meant to be more disciplined and statistical — it looks at how far a price has moved from a defined average before acting, and it accepts that many dips are not temporary at all. A lower price can reflect a permanently lower value rather than a bounce waiting to happen.

Each HEX Time Token trades at a discount to HEX based on its time to maturity, and together the maturities form a smooth yield curve. When one maturity looks mispriced relative to that curve — unusually cheap or unusually rich — a mean-reversion trader may buy the cheap one or sell the rich one, expecting its discount to drift back toward the fair curve. That kind of arbitrage is part of what keeps the curve smooth.

The two largest are that the mean itself can shift, and that "cheap can get cheaper." Markets change regimes, so an average from the past may no longer describe the present, and a price can stay far from that average for a long time — or never return. Being early is, in practice, the same as being wrong. Thin liquidity on PulseChain and in individual maturities adds slippage and execution risk on top.

No. This page is educational and explains a concept, not a recommendation to trade. Mean reversion is a high-skill strategy and most people lose money trading. Nothing here is financial advice — always do your own research.

Shor's algorithm is a quantum algorithm developed by Peter Shor in 1994 that can efficiently solve the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP). This means a sufficiently powerful quantum computer could derive private keys from public keys, breaking the cryptography used by Bitcoin, Ethereum, PulseChain, and most blockchains.

No. Cryptographically relevant quantum computers are estimated to be years away (late 2020s to mid-2030s). A seed phrase itself is not directly broken by Shor's algorithm — the risk is that public keys revealed during transactions could be used to derive private keys in the future.

No. SLIP-39 does not reduce your security. Both BIP-39 and SLIP-39 use the same underlying entropy (128–256 bits). SLIP-39 is actually more secure in practice because it eliminates the single point of failure through multi-share backups.

HNDL is an attack where adversaries collect encrypted data or public keys today, storing them until powerful quantum computers become available to break the encryption. For public blockchains, this means your revealed public keys could be targeted in the future.

Quantum computers that can break today's wallet cryptography don't exist yet. We expect it to become a real problem in 2 to 5 years, and there will be a way to handle it as that gets closer. Stay aware of the situation. One habit helps today: an address that has never sent a transaction has not revealed its public key, so there is nothing on the chain for a quantum computer to attack.

SLIP-39 (Shamir's Secret Sharing) splits your wallet backup into multiple 20- or 33-word shares. Unlike BIP-39 (a single 12 or 24-word seed), SLIP-39 requires a threshold number of shares to recover your wallet. This eliminates the single point of failure — one lost or stolen share alone cannot compromise your wallet.

When configured with multiple shares, SLIP-39 is generally more secure than standard BIP-39 because it removes the single point of failure. Both provide the same base entropy (128–256 bits). However, BIP-39 has universal compatibility while SLIP-39 is limited to Trezor, Keystone, and select devices.

Shor's algorithm does not directly break seed phrases. The risk is indirect: when you spend from an address, your public key is revealed on the blockchain. A quantum computer running Shor's algorithm could then derive your private key from that public key. Addresses you have never spent from remain safer.

The strongest approach combines: (1) a hardware wallet with a Secure Element chip, (2) one of the two backup standards — 24-word BIP-39, or SLIP-39 multi-share stored in separate geographic locations — and (3) metal stamping for fire/water resistance. A passphrase (the "25th word") adds a hidden wallet: the seed alone opens only the standard wallet, and a forgotten passphrase takes the hidden wallet with it. For most users, a hardware wallet with a metal backup is excellent; the expert tier is 33-word SLIP-39 shares (256-bit and multi-share, created via Trezor's command line — see our backup guide).

No. Cryptographically relevant quantum computers are estimated to be years away (late 2020s to mid-2030s). The hedge is a behavior, not a product: hold long-term on addresses that have never signed a transaction, and when one must sign, sweep the whole balance to a fresh address at once. Hardware wallets, passphrases, and metal backups defend against today's thieves; they do nothing against Shor.

No — quantum search (Grover's algorithm) only square-roots brute-force work, so each extra bit multiplies the effort by about 1.41, and two extra bits double it. If a quantum computer cracked a 128-bit seed in one second, a 256-bit seed would take roughly 585 billion years. But seed-cracking is the wrong door anyway: the realistic quantum attack is Shor's algorithm against public keys already exposed on-chain, and Shor ignores seed length entirely. Behavior (keeping funds on never-spent-from addresses) matters more than word count.

Only for a precise reason — and it is not the coldness. On PulseChain and Ethereum, an account's public key is revealed the first time it signs an outgoing transaction. A receive-only cold vault has never signed, so there is nothing on-chain for Shor to attack. A cold wallet you have spent from even once is exposed forever (its signature can be harvested now and attacked later), and active positions like staking or farming require sending — the quantum hedge covers passive holdings only. In a quantum era, a vault's first spend should sweep the entire balance to a fresh address in one transaction.

A 12-word seed phrase (BIP-39) provides 128 bits of entropy, while a 24-word seed phrase provides 256 bits. Both are considered cryptographically secure today. The realistic quantum risk is Shor's algorithm deriving private keys from public keys revealed when you spend — a risk seed length does not change — but if you want maximum headroom, prefer 256-bit backups: a 24-word seed, or — the expert tier — 33-word SLIP-39 shares (command-line only): same strength plus no single point of failure.

SLIP-39 is Trezor's implementation of Shamir's Secret Sharing. It splits your wallet backup into multiple 20-word shares (33-word for 256-bit seeds). You choose how many total shares to create and how many are needed (threshold) to recover the wallet — for example, 3 total shares with 2 required to recover.

A digital copy lives wherever that file lives: cloud drives, password managers, photos and text files all put the phrase on machines you do not control, and a phrase typed into any computer or phone has touched the internet. A hardware wallet with a secure screen is the one device built to hold it. Paper burns; metal survives. Metal stamping gives the best physical protection.

The strongest backup combines: (1) metal stamping (engrave on stainless steel or titanium), (2) SLIP-39 multi-share backups split across geographic locations (20-word shares in Trezor Suite; 33-word shares via the command line are the expert tier), and (3) a strong passphrase on your hardware wallet. Products like Trezor Keep Metal, Cryptosteel, or Billfodl survive fire, water, and corrosion.

Yes. As long as you have your seed phrase (or SLIP-39 shares meeting the threshold), you can recover your wallet on any compatible hardware wallet. This is why secure backup storage is critical — your seed phrase IS your wallet.

No one can — and that is the honest trade-off of immutability. Truly immutable code cannot be patched. This is exactly why a serious pre-launch audit matters (you get one shot), and why "has run for years without a security incident" is real evidence rather than a slogan. If a grave flaw were ever found, the only remedy would be deploying a new contract and persuading the community to move to it voluntarily — no one can force an upgrade.

Correct — provided the contracts are genuinely immutable with no admin keys, which you can and should verify yourself on a block explorer. Once deployed that way, the code holds no master switch for anyone to flip. What the founders keep is influence — over price, adoption, and perception — not custody. Founder risk becomes reputation-and-price risk, never "they can reach into my wallet" risk.

It is permanent in both directions. No one can change the rules to rug you — and no one can fix a flaw, reverse a hack, or undo your own mistake. Final means final. A mistyped transaction or an approval to a bad contract is yours to live with. The strength (no one can betray you) and the danger (no one can rescue you) are the same property.

No. The Actuator and HEX front-ends are published as IPFS files, so the app itself can be reached even if every website — the official one and this one included — disappeared. The contracts are permanent; IPFS makes the door to them permanent too. See the Frontends page for how to run the app from IPFS.

A normal contract is a promise enforced by courts and intermediaries after the fact — someone has to choose to honor it, and you sue if they do not. A smart contract enforces itself: the agreed outcome happens because the code runs, deterministically, with no one in a position to refuse. You stop trusting a counterparty and start verifying a program.

A HEX staking ladder is a strategy of dividing your HEX into several separate stakes with staggered (different) end-dates — like the rungs of a ladder — so a portion of your HEX becomes available at regular intervals instead of all at once. It is the crypto version of a traditional bond ladder or CD ladder.

One big stake locks up all of your HEX until a single end-date. A ladder keeps you from being fully locked up, spreads your entry and exit across time, and lets you access part of your capital as each rung matures without ending a long stake early and paying penalties.

Slightly. Because HEX rewards long stakes with a "Longer Pays Better" bonus, shorter rungs earn fewer T-Shares than one maximum-length stake. A ladder usually yields a bit less than a single max stake — that small trade-off buys you liquidity and flexibility.

That is a personal choice. More rungs give you more frequent liquidity and finer averaging, but also more stakes to manage and more gas. Fewer rungs are simpler but less frequent. Pick a number and spacing that fit your goals.

Yes. Rungs you start as HSIs can mint HEX Time Tokens (HTTs) for liquidity now instead of waiting for a rung to mature, or you can buy HTTs of different maturities to build a laddered position synthetically off the Actuator yield curve. The choice is per-rung, made at stake-start — an existing native rung cannot be converted later.

The emission step-down (250M to 150M ACTR per year) is exact: 00:00 UTC on October 9, 2026, measured as 730 days from the farm contract’s start. The weight rotation applies with the first massUpdatePools() transaction after that moment — a public function anyone can call. Last year’s rotation executed 75 seconds after midnight.

No. The rotation banks every pool’s accrued rewards before changing any weight, so ACTR earned up to the switch stays claimable. LP tokens can be withdrawn at any time with no penalty, before or after the date, and they keep collecting PulseX swap fees either way. Only the new ACTR stream to HTT-3000 stops.

The reward rate falls for every continuing pool if nothing else changes — between 50% and 60% lower, because each pool’s share shifts down one HTT series while yearly emissions shrink from 250M to 150M ACTR. But APR also depends on how much LP is staked, and liquidity tends to migrate toward the new weights. The live tables on the Farm & Vault Yields page show the actual APRs as they move.

It is fixed. The emission schedule and every year’s pool weights were written into the farm contract when it was deployed — there is no owner function to change them, and the rotation itself is triggered by a public function anyone can call. This page’s figures were read from the contract, not from documentation.

Farm emissions end entirely. The three-year schedule (350M, 250M, 150M ACTR) is complete, so the farms stop paying ACTR from that date. LP tokens keep earning swap fees inside the PulseX pairs for as long as trading continues.

PulseX is the primary decentralized exchange (DEX) on PulseChain. It uses an automated market maker (AMM) model — similar to Uniswap on Ethereum — to let users swap tokens directly from their wallets without an order book or centralized intermediary. PulseX is where HTTs, HEX, PLS, and other PulseChain tokens are traded.

Connect a PulseChain wallet holding a little PLS for gas to PulseX. Choose HEX as the input. For the output, paste the HTT’s contract address rather than picking a name from a search list: a token’s name and symbol prove nothing (a second token carries the symbol HTT-8000 beside the genuine one), and only tokens created by the HEXTimeTokenManager redeem for HEX. This site’s Manual (Appendix A, hexbonds.com/manual#appendix) lists the core series; for any other series, Otterscan (otter.pulsechain.com) shows whether the token’s creator is the HEXTimeTokenManager. Enter the amount, read the quoted price impact, set a slippage tolerance, approve HEX for PulseX if the wallet asks, and confirm. The swap settles when the transaction is included in a block. The How to Buy Your First HTT guide (hexbonds.com/guides/buying-htts) has every step.

Slippage is the difference between the expected price of a trade and the actual executed price. On an AMM, large trades move the pool price. A slippage tolerance (e.g. 1%) cancels the trade if the price moves more than the tolerance beyond the quote before it confirms; it does not limit the price impact already in the quote, and a reverted trade still spends its gas.

When you deposit a pair of tokens (such as HTT and HEX) into a PulseX liquidity pool, you receive LP tokens representing your share of the pool. Every swap pays a 0.29% fee. On PulseX V2 pairs, including all five Actuator farm pairs as of 2026-09-23, 0.22% stays in the pool for LP holders in proportion to their LP tokens, and 0.07% is skimmed to PulseX’s PLSX buy-and-burn contract (its public burn has been switched off since 2026-08-28). On V1 pairs a code bug sends the whole fee, the LPs’ share included, to PulseX’s V1 burner contract, so V1 providers keep none. You can withdraw your liquidity (plus accrued fees) by returning your LP tokens.

Yes. ACTR trades on PulseX against WPLS and other partners — it is a normal PRC-20 swap. This site’s LP Positions page (hexbonds.com/lp-positions) measures every ACTR pool on PulseX and 9mm daily, so you can see which pairing is deepest before you size a trade.

There is no automatic discovery: the Actuator interface highlights the standard maturities, and the developer’s own caveat is that non-standard maturities may have no liquidity. A custom-day pool exists on PulseX like any other pair, and aggregators and this site’s LP Positions page (hexbonds.com/lp-positions, refreshed daily from on-chain reads) will list it once it holds value — but the market has to come to it; nothing routes buyers there by default.

PLSX is the native token of the PulseX exchange. It has no staking and pays no fee share. Instead, part of every swap fee (0.07% of each trade on V2 pairs, out of the 0.29% fee) is set aside to buy PLSX and burn it. Since 2026-08-28 the owner key of both PLSX burner contracts has kept the public burn call switched off, so as of 2026-09-23 those fees are accumulating unburned in the burners. PLSX is separate from PLS (the gas token of PulseChain) and from ACTR (the Actuator protocol’s reward and revenue-sharing token).

A crypto bond is an on-chain instrument that behaves like a traditional bond — fixed maturity, discount-as-yield, face value at maturity — without being debt: there is no issuer, no promise to pay, and no legal recourse; the claim is on collateral already locked in a smart contract. HEX Time Tokens (HTTs) are one example: they represent a claim on future HEX value, mature on a specific date, and trade at a discount that functions like yield. No broker, no custodian, no paperwork.

Neither is universally "safer" — they carry different risk profiles. Traditional bonds face inflation risk, default risk, and interest-rate risk, but often have regulatory protections. HTTs face smart contract risk, market volatility, and liquidity risk, but are non-custodial (there is no issuer to default: the backing HEX is locked on-chain, and 1:1 redemption is guaranteed when the backing stakes are ended within 14 days of the redemption day).

HTTs do not pay coupon interest. Instead, yield comes from the discount: HTTs are minted against locked HEX and usually trade at a price below their redemption value (1 HTT = 1 HEX at maturity). The difference between the discounted purchase price and the full redemption value IS the yield. The further out the maturity date, the deeper the discount tends to be.

Yes. Unlike traditional bonds which may have limited secondary markets, HTTs are fungible PRC-20 tokens that trade on PulseX — a decentralized exchange on PulseChain. Series with a live PulseX pool trade 24/7; some have none, and some trade above 1 HEX. Where a pool exists, you can sell without contacting a broker, paying withdrawal fees, or waiting for settlement. The price you get depends on market demand and proximity to maturity.

No. HTTs are fully non-custodial and permissionless. All you need is a self-custody wallet (like MetaMask or a hardware wallet), some PLS for gas on PulseChain, and access to PulseX. There are no account minimums, no KYC requirements, no accreditation checks, and no broker fees. You interact directly with the smart contracts.

Trezor Safe 3, 5, and 7 are Highly Rated for PulseChain use. They support SLIP-39 multi-share backups, have Secure Element chips, and are fully open-source. Internet Money Wallet is the best software wallet for daily PulseChain use with native support.

ZKX now advertises support for leading hardware wallets — Ledger, Trezor, Keystone, and SafePal — pairing offline key storage with its zero-knowledge privacy. This is a recent claim from a new, unaudited wallet, so verify it yourself on zkxwallet.com before relying on it. For longer-established, well-documented hardware-wallet support, Internet Money, MetaMask, and Rabby are also solid options.

A Secure Element is a tamper-resistant chip that stores private keys and enforces access controls. It protects against physical attacks if someone steals your device. Trezor Safe 3/5/7 and Ledger devices include Secure Element chips. The older Trezor Model One and Model T do not.

For maximum long-term quantum resistance, use a 24-word seed phrase (256-bit entropy). 12-word seeds (128-bit) are still secure today but offer less future-proofing. SLIP-39 20-word shares provide 128-bit entropy per share but eliminate single points of failure through multi-share backups.

A hot wallet (MetaMask, Rabby, Internet Money) is connected to the internet and convenient for daily use but more vulnerable to attacks. A hardware wallet (Trezor, Ledger) keeps private keys offline, providing much stronger security. Best practice: use a hardware wallet for large holdings and a hot wallet for daily transactions.

Yield is the discount you buy at: every HTT redeems for exactly 1 HEX on its day, so an HTT bought at 0.729 HEX returns 37.1% in HEX over the wait. Far-dated HTTs carry bigger discounts but usually a lower yield per year, because the same gap is spread over more years — on 2026-10-02 HTT-3000 was priced at 25.7% annualized and HTT-7000 5.44%. Prices are set by trading in PulseX pools and move daily; the Due Diligence page prints the live curve. HTT/HEX LP tokens deposited in the farms also earn ACTR, until 2027-10-09.

No — they carry fundamentally different risks. Bank accounts (in many jurisdictions) are insured up to certain limits and denominated in fiat. Actuator HTTs are crypto assets exposed to smart contract risk, HEX price volatility, and have no insurance. However, they offer significantly higher yield potential and full self-custody. They are complementary, not replacements — never put your emergency fund into crypto.

No. You can sell HTTs anytime on PulseX before maturity. If you buy at a discount and the price moves toward par as maturity approaches, you can capture the yield by selling early. However, if market conditions change and the discount widens, selling before maturity could result in a loss. Holding to maturity guarantees the full redemption value (barring smart contract failure).

You need: (1) a self-custody wallet like MetaMask or a hardware wallet, (2) PLS (PulseChain's native token) for gas fees, (3) HEX on PulseChain, and (4) access to the Actuator app at actuator.finance or PulseX for trading. No broker account, no KYC, no minimum balance. Start with a small amount to learn the mechanics.

Every HTT converges to exactly 1 HEX on its own day, so the curve is a row of discounts by maturity: near-dated close to 1 HEX, far-dated well below it. A bigger discount is a bigger total return, not necessarily more per year — on 2026-10-02 the curve was inverted, HTT-3000 at 25.7% annualized against HTT-7000 at 5.44%. There is no issuer and no coupon; the only positions are to buy, hold, sell, or mint against your own stake; and trading in PulseX pools sets every price.